Right, I think vice president position should be abolished effective next election. It's not really a necessary position in the governance system Russia is going through.
A New Beginning - Our 1992 Russian Federation
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I second this. We don't need that function anymore. On subject of political parties, honestly i hoped to see something more similar to Japan where one party holds the governance, maybe two like in US.
European multiparty system kinda seems to chaotic for me.
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Honestly I forgot that there even was a Vice-President in the Russian system, that's why I didn't put them on the Presidential Succession list. So I third this suggestion. Although, maybe we can get Borovoi a government position somewhere else, and not just freeze him out?
I don't know, his party didn't win big in elections and he doesn't have particular political views from what i could see. Honestly his niche can be filled quite nicely by our Primeminister Yavlinsky. I would be fine to leave him on political fringes.
Also Economic Freedom Party doesn't seem like most trustworthy name for the party.
If he needs a position... I don't know Ministry of Economy? But honestly I'm fine with sidelining him.
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Minister of Sport and Culture, these two are separate IRL in Russia but I honestly don't see a reason why they can't be combined, and neither have actually been founded yet by this time. Plus, since Borovoi has no real political views, putting him into a position like this where he can do little damage to Russia has no real downsides. I do agree on the party name though, maybe it sounds better in the native Russian, and that the translation is just weird?
Chapter One: A new beginning (January - March 1992)
(Russian troops in Grozny)
On 6 September 1991, militants of the All-National Congress of the Chechen People (NCChP) party, created by the former Soviet Air Force general Dzhokhar Dudayev, stormed a session of the Supreme Soviet of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, with the aim of asserting independence. The storming caused the death of the head of Grozny's branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Vitaliy Kutsenko, who was defenestrated or fell while trying to escape. This effectively dissolved the government of the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Republic of the Soviet Union. Elections for the president and parliament of Chechnya were held on 27 October 1991. The day before, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union published a notice in the local Chechen press that the elections were illegal. With a turnout of 72%, 90.1% voted for Dudayev. Dudayev won overwhelming popular support (as evidenced by the later presidential elections with high turnout and a clear Dudayev victory) to oust the interim administration supported by the central government. He became president and declared independence from the Soviet Union.
After Chechnya made its initial declaration of sovereignty, the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Republic split in two in January 1992 amidst the Ingush armed conflict against another Russian republic, North Ossetia. The newly created Republic of Ingushetia then joined the Russian Federation, while Chechnya declared full independence from Moscow in January 1992 as the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI). The declaration of independence of Chechnya was considered illegal by the Russian government. Initially, President Fyodorov pursued diplomatic negotiations with the rebels to solve the issue peacefully; nevertheless, all attempts made by Moscow were completely ignored by Dzhokhar Dudayev. As a result of failed negotiations, President Fydorov declared matrial law in Chechnya, and sent 40,000 troops, including the 12th Rifle Corps under the command of Igor Puzanov, together with VDV and OMON units to enforce the martial law. Russian forces moved to the Terek River and launched a two-pronged attack along the P-217 highway to cut Chechnya in two and encircle Grozny from all sides. Unfortunately, Russian commanders completely ignored Fyodorov's order to avoid civilian casualties, and after the rebel Chechen units refused to surrender, the Russian forces laid a siege to Grozny, which led to the Battle of Grozny, which resulted in bloody streetfights between both sides. The Russian commanders, to avoid casualties among the Russian troops, used heavy artillery and aerial bombardment, which led to complete destruction of Grozny and tens of thousands of civilian deaths. The images from the destruction of Grozny were quickly spread in the media across the world and led to anti-Russian protests in Europe and North America.
In the meantime, the Communist Party of the RSFR was split into the United Labour Party of Russia under President Fyodorov and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation under Gennady Zyuganov. Furthemore, the next legislative elections in Russia were scheduled for 1993 and the presidential elections for 1996.
(Georgian Civil War)
The 1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état, also known as the Tbilisi War, or the Putsch of 1991–1992, was an internal military conflict that took place in the newly independent Republic of Georgia following the fall of the Soviet Union, from 22 December 1991 to 6 January 1992. The coup, which triggered the Georgian Civil War, pitted factions of the National Guard loyal to President Zviad Gamsakhurdia against several paramilitary organizations unified at the end of 1991 under the leadership of warlords Tengiz Kitovani, Jaba Ioseliani and Tengiz Sigua. The Tbilisi War ended with the exile of the first democratically elected president of Georgia, after two weeks of violent clashes on Rustaveli Avenue, the main thoroughfare of Tbilisi, mainly consisting of a siege of the Georgian Parliament building, where Gamsakhurdia was isolated in a bunker. Following Gamsakhurdia's fall, a Military Council, led by Kitovani, Ioseliani and Sigua, took power in Tbilisi and assured the return of Eduard Shevardnadze, the last Soviet Foreign Affairs Minister, to hand over power to him. During the civil war, the supporters of the ousted president staged an unsuccessful revolt to return him to power.
(Soldiers of the Russian Army)
On 16 January 1992, by President Fyodorov's decree, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation were established, altogether with the operational control of Allied High Command and the Ministry of Defence, which was headed by the President. One day later, President Fyodorov assumed the duties of the Supreme Commander and General Colonel Pavel Grachev became the Minister of Defence, and was made Russia's first Army General on assuming the post.
While France, Britain and most other European Community member nations were still emphasizing the need to preserve the unity of Yugoslavia, the German chancellor Helmut Kohl led the charge to recognize the first two breakaway republics of Slovenia and Croatia. He lobbied both national governments and the EC to be more favourable to his policies, and also went to Belgrade to pressure the federal government not to use military action, threatening sanctions. Days before the end of the year on Christmas Eve, Germany recognized the independence of Slovenia and Croatia, "against the advice of the European Community, the UN, and US President George H W Bush".
(Croatians celebrating their independence from the Serbs)
In November 1991, the Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia, led by Robert Badinter, concluded at the request of Lord Carrington that the SFR Yugoslavia was in the process of dissolution, that the Serbian population in Croatia and Bosnia did not have a right to self-determination in the form of new states, and that the borders between the republics were to be recognized as international borders. As a result of the conflict, the United Nations Security Council unanimously adopted UN Security Council Resolution 721 on 27 November 1991, which paved the way to the establishment of peacekeeping operations in Yugoslavia. In January 1992, Croatia and Yugoslavia signed an armistice under UN supervision, while negotiations continued between Serb and Croat leaderships over the partitioning of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 15 January 1992, the independence of Croatia and Slovenia was recognized by the international community. Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina would later be admitted as member states of the United Nations on 22 May 1992. Macedonia was admitted as a member state of the United Nations on 8 April 1993; its membership approval took longer than the others due to Greek objections.
On 26 January 1992, President Fyodorov announced that the Russian Federation would stop targeting cities of the United States and its allies with nuclear weapons. In return, President George H. W. Bush announced that the United States and its allies would stop targeting Russia and the remaining communist states with nuclear weapons. On 1 February, President Fyodorov made his first official foreign trip as President of the Russian Federation. At Camp David in the U.S., Fyodorov met with President Bush, where they formally declared the end of the Cold War. Furthermore, Fyodorov negotiated further American financial assistance to Russia, though in exchange he was forced to allow broader privatization in Russia.
(Contrary to Fyodorov's conservatism, Prime Minister Yavlinsky wanted to pursuit liberal policy both abroad and at home)
The dissolution of the USSR and the beginning of democracy in Russia resulted in the establishment of many political parties, including the newly established United Russia coalition, which was composed of the following parties:
- United Labour Party of Russia (Social democracy/social conservatism/left-wing nationalism) – President Fyodorov;
- Party of Economic Freedom (Liberalism/neoconservatism/economic liberalism) – Vice-President Borovoy;
- Russian United Democratic Party Yabloko (Social liberalism/progessivism/pro-europeanism) – Prime Minister Yavlinsky.
On 7 February 1992, the Maastricht Treaty was signed, founding the European Union, with twelve founding members: Belgium, Denmark, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom, Germany. On 2 March 1992, in Dubăsari, Moldova, escalating tensions turn into open hostilities and the beginning of the Transnistria War, when the Moldovan army with Romanian support attacked positions held by pro-Transnistria forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and neo-Cossack units.
First Chechen War - Wikipedia
1991–1992 Georgian coup d'état - Wikipedia
Breakup of Yugoslavia - Wikipedia
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Economic Freedom is Economic Freedom no matter which language you take. Honestly i don't think it would be appealing for Russians as well.
Otherwise he founded Russian commodities market so he should have some skills in financial matters, this is why i proposed Ministry of Economy.
Really Kohl, did you really need to go on your own here.
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1. Following the destruction of Grozny and establishment of the Russian Armed Forces, please write down how should it be organized (structure, doctrine, etc.)?
2. Please write down how could Russia help pro-Russian forces in Transnistria and Gaugazia against Moldovan army?
3. One of the most important promises made by President Fyodorov during the presidential elections was an active participation of workers and labor unions in the Russian economy. Please write down how Fyodorov's promise should be handled by the Russian government?
4. Please write down how the Russian government should deal with hyperinflation in Russia?
5. Following the meeting at Camp David with President Bush, President Fyodorov was forced to broaden the privatization in Russia. Please write down how the Russian government should handle privatization in Russia, and the Russia entry into the world market?
2. Please write down how could Russia help pro-Russian forces in Transnistria and Gaugazia against Moldovan army?
3. One of the most important promises made by President Fyodorov during the presidential elections was an active participation of workers and labor unions in the Russian economy. Please write down how Fyodorov's promise should be handled by the Russian government?
4. Please write down how the Russian government should deal with hyperinflation in Russia?
5. Following the meeting at Camp David with President Bush, President Fyodorov was forced to broaden the privatization in Russia. Please write down how the Russian government should handle privatization in Russia, and the Russia entry into the world market?
Send weaponry, material and supplies. Also send military advisors. Allow and train Volunteers (this also applies to Volunteers from Ukraine).
Work with our economic bodies together with Ukraine to bring this matter to CIS and impose sanctions on Moldavia (and Romania), not in the least cutting of energy supply. Bring issue to UN and argue for the right of Transnistrian self-determination, try to get International support to the cause and point out Croatian and Slovenian independence and subsequent acknowledgment as an example (maybe block Croatia and Slovenia from joining UN in exchange for German support and acknowledgment ).
Form Union of Unions and authoritize it to participate in leadership of all big and middle business/companies and make it legally binding for companies to work with Unions, those that don't cooperate will lose their business lincese. Workers have right to chose the Unions leadership as well as their representative localy and the later will use that power to negotiate and fight for the workers rights in the companies thus achieving worker participation in the economy.
Unions will also have a scheduled hearing in Parliament where they can point out all problems workers face and will work closely with state institutions and government. It's important to note that authority of the Unions will extend only to conditions in workplace, freetime (benefits and vacations) and paycheck, but company reserves right to fire employees that fail to rise to companies expectations (have a valid reason why said worker should he fired like laziness, theft, to much sick leave's etc.). Companies also have the right to bring Union to court if demands are to unreasonable, in case of the win in the case Unions lose the right to call strike.
Idea is for all workers to participate in the Union and for the Union to defend the rights of workers and to be included in decision making at the companies and work closely with the government and state institutions in order to avoid disagreements and disruptions in the economy.
Otl causes for Inflation were following : " The Government increased the money supply by eighteen times by the end of 1992. A lot of corruption from Government enterprises taking up debt and getting bailed out from the government. The Federal budget deficit was 20 percent of GDP in 1992, mostly financed by increasing money supply. This resulted in an inflation rate of over 2,000% in 1992.[127]"
So i don't know how it happened here, but...
Impose Capital controls on forgein currency exchange, cut on the money printing, reduce the budget deficit, reevaluate the borrowing to state and private enterprises and tighten the standards for it, impose price control to stop fluctuating prices and the freeze of all Ruble -denominated aggregates... wages, prices, and nominal exchange rate, with pre-established adjustments and gradually increase wages as situation gets better (to reduce overcirculation of the money in the economy). Work closely with Unions on this, use political capital we have with them. Influence companies not to do a lay offs and offer recompensation in form of cheaper energy.
Put down a measures against unemployment (unemployment could rise from these measures, but if everything works out not to much), as well as introduction of coupons for groceries and other daily necessities. I believe problem should be solved in a year with minimal consequences.
So i would say we do 50% to the citizens of Russia, 25% to forgein actors to get money in the country and 25% under state control. Don't rush the process and take a gradual approach. But keep Oil companies and energy companies in general under state control together with natural resources.
Regarding world market? Take protectionist policy to protect struggling domestic business, help our business by giving them cheaper energy as subsidies, coordinate various business vis guidance from the banks (Japanese window policy) and make buricratic process between various companies easier encouraging long term cooperation (via our state share, so telephone guidance), goal is to dominate domestic market while orientierting economy towards exports, it goes nice with our currency being so devaluated (we should keep it that way as well as keeping capital controls) . In general gradual opening (with exception of economic zones) and Integration in world trade.
But also allow free Import of new technologies necessary to modernize our economy, from low customs to easier buricratic time.
As for military? I can only say to encourage automation if possible.
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Yes, the position would be abolished in 1993 after legislative elections
Well it's been a while since i've last checked @panpiotr 's work.
I tried to completly turn the 1982 USSR Timeline into a hellish totalitarian dystopia, so I think i'll try to be a force for good here.
I tried to completly turn the 1982 USSR Timeline into a hellish totalitarian dystopia, so I think i'll try to be a force for good here.
Except for unions deprived of right to strike by court (this essentially defeats the point of unions), I support this. I will elaborate that under the USSR (and Russia), unions essentially became subservient to the state, and unions that aren't state-approved often end up persecuted; this is a situation one would want to avoid. The state should not interfere in union affairs freely.
Gradually, build up more rights and freedoms for the unions (not immediately to avoid complications with economic restoration policy). The goal would be to create union culture as stong as the one in Germany.
Support this too.
I can't make out if this plan involves denomination of the ruble, but if it does, then I support this too. OTL denomination of 1998 was 1000 to 1, which is probably the rate we can go with at the moment. Given that previously there was a 1991 reform where old money could be exchanged to new in only three days and it was not viewed positively, exchange should take several years to properly happen.
@panpiotr already knows of one institution I'm looking forward to being privatized. As for others, trading should become less state-owned and more privatized, with supplies, wholesaling and retail moved towards private enterprises. We should still protect customer rights.
Russian citizens, preferably ones without any money abroad, should be prioritized. I'll support @Kriss's ideas as well.
No concrete ideas for military. Admittedly, I know very little about military matters in general.
2. Send them obsolete Russian Equipment. Since we downsized the Military anyways, it's better to give the spare guns to friendly Secessionists than the potentialy hostile breakway Republics like Kazakhstan or Ukraine.
3. Make sure to protect workers' rights with legistlation that might alienate the new private businessmen but will prevent the avarage Dimitry from turning back towards the Communists. Also use whatever spare cash we have left to invest in Agraculture to make the bread lines shorter.
4. We should slash investment in Minority Republics. This will alienate them, but might prevent the Majority of Russians from from turning to Military Strongmen and Radicals like Putin or Zhirnovsky.
5. First off, privatize Retail and Manufacturing. This will hurt the avarage Russian but will be beneficial in the long term. Later down the line, monopolize the monolithic SOE's like Telecommunications but do it properly to prevent the rise of Oligarchs (or at least limit their power).
1 - In principle, maintain the structure and commands of the old Soviet army, but updating it to the new situation (demobilize troops, retire commanders...). As for doctrine, it should focus, on the one hand, on a force specialized in counterinsurgency, in eliminating enemy leaders, and on the other, a large force, but equipped and supported (planes, cannons...) able to overwhelm rivals
2 - In the same way that the other powers did when the USSR dissolved and just as they seem to do now with Yugoslavia, let us recognize the right of its people to separate, offering diplomatic support, and sending weapons and advisors to free us from the forces demobilized armed forces.
3 - Let us emphasize the worker cooperative as an ideal business model to develop; let us offer the creation of a new labor code, which we will invite labor lawyers, business leaders and union leaders to draft; Likewise, let us offer the creation of an arbitration court to resolve labor disputes and offer recognized union members roles as mediators.
4 and 5 - @Kriss 's proposals seem fantastic to me and I will support them.
2 - In the same way that the other powers did when the USSR dissolved and just as they seem to do now with Yugoslavia, let us recognize the right of its people to separate, offering diplomatic support, and sending weapons and advisors to free us from the forces demobilized armed forces.
3 - Let us emphasize the worker cooperative as an ideal business model to develop; let us offer the creation of a new labor code, which we will invite labor lawyers, business leaders and union leaders to draft; Likewise, let us offer the creation of an arbitration court to resolve labor disputes and offer recognized union members roles as mediators.
4 and 5 - @Kriss 's proposals seem fantastic to me and I will support them.