Hm, could you get a few more subs into play by building them in cities up the major rivers and then just floating or piloting them down later? Or would U-Boat manufacturies get noticed even there?
More, yes. There is always a way to squeeze out a few more of anything in an ATL. If you can't find a way to make 1% or 2% more of something, you have found the perfect logistical/manufacturing leader.
Germany had a tendency to build to many different types of equipment, tinker constantly for improvements, and not do long production runs. These are easy to change technically, and if changed, they easily give you 10-20% more U-boats. And the Germans can put more ship workers on U-boats, fewer on surface ships.
The 4-5 times asked for in this TL is not really doable. Look at how long it took to ramp up in WW1 for the Germans. So a lot depends on what you mean by few.
Getting sufficient crews and training them is also going to be a problem...
Even in WW1 with a large professional navy, it was a challenge. In WW2, it took the USA time to find the quality captains and officers needed for a submarine.