When Commodore Perry went off on his Mission to Japan he also made a stop on Formosa Island (Taiwan) and surveyed it, decided it was the perfect forward base of colonization efforts, and lay down a general claim to the island and left. The US Congress, however, didn't really care and so never bothered formally claiming the island.
What if the congress did formally claim the island and send out another expedition to set it up as a naval base and colony?
What if the congress did formally claim the island and send out another expedition to set it up as a naval base and colony?